Doctor of Philosophy in Politics,
Department of Politics, University of Bristol, 2007 (Thesis title: State, Society and Social Control in Indonesia: A Comparative Study in the Cases of East Timor and Aceh)
Master of Science in Development,
Administration, and Planning, Department of Politics, University of Bristol, 2002
Bachelor of Arts in Political Science (International Relations) (Second-class Honours),
Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, 1999